Kuva kera, muri politiki y’abanyarwanda twigishijwe gusingiza abategetsi bacu, bitwibagiza gusingiza igihugu cyacu. Mu gihe cy’Ubwami ngo Umwami yitwaga NYAGASANI, nawe kubera iyo mpamvu akica agakiza. Agafatwa nk’IMANA, akaba Ikigirwamana: Imana y’i Rwanda. Abari bashyigikiye Ubwami bati byari bihebuje naho ababurwanyije bati byari biteye kwiheba.
Repubulika imaze kwimikwa, Urwanda rubonye ubwigenge, indirimbo yubahiriza igihugu yatangiraga ivuga iti: « Rwanda rwacu Rwanda gihugu cyambyaye … » Iyo nayiririmbaga hamwe n’abandi banyeshuri, tuzamura ibendera ry’igihugu, ubwo nigaga mu mashuri abanza, numvaga mfite ishema ryo kuba umunyarwanda. Nkarushaho kumva nkunze Urwanda (patriotisme) ariko nibukaga ko hari abandi bana b’Urwanda batashoboraga kuyiririmba kubera ko bari hanze y’igihugu. Nyuma y’imyaka 40, iyo ndirimbo yubahiriza igihugu rero yaje gusimburwa n’indi igira iti: « Rwanda nziza gihugu cyacu,… Abanyarwanda uko watubyaye. Berwa, sugira, singizwa iteka… Horana Imana, murage mwiza… Umuco dusangiye uraturanga, ururimi rwacu rukaduhuza …»
Izo ndirimbo zombi zivuga ko Urwanda ari igihugu cyacu kandi cyatubyaye. ABANYARWANDA TWESE. Ibyo bikaba bivuze ko turi ABAVANDIMWE. Iya kabiri yo igashyiraho akarusho kuko itura Urwanda Imana. Nyamara muri izo ndirimbo zose nta n’imwe yigeze iririmbwa n’abo bavandimwe bose bari kumwe, kubera ko hari ababaga bari hanze y’igihugu mu buhungiro nkuko nabivuze, na n’ubu (mu gihe nandika iyi nyandiko) bikaba ari uko. Ntabwo ari ukubera ko Urwanda rutabashaka (ga), ahubwo ni ukubera impamvu za politiki mbi ya bamwe muri abo bana barwo, igamije kubateranya no kubatanya. Ntimuzarubeshyere!
Reka twumve hano indirimbo zimwe zisingiza igihugu cyacu kuri vidéo ya RWANDA NZIZA
Umusaza Bihibindi twagiranye ikiganiro kuri politiki, ni uko arambaza ati ariko mwana wa, ati: « mwe mwageze mu mashuli, Ubwami na Repubulika bitandukanira he? » Nti: « kubera iki mubyeyi wanjye? » Ati: « dore icyo mpfa n’abantu bize ni uko bakubaza ikibazo bataragusubiza icyo ubabajije. » Nuko ndamusobanurira, ndagije nti: « Ubwami butegekwa n’Umwami, Repubulika igategekwa na Perezida. » Ati: « bose si ababyeyi b’igihugu se? » Nanjye ndamubaza nti: « ko ubushize wambwiye ko abanyepolitiki bo mu mashyaka bapfa ubutegetsi, twe tutari mu mashyaka dupfa iki? » Ati: « ubusa.» Nti ugize ngo iki? Nti: « ko hari abavuga ko ari amoko se? » Ati: « abana mwize mwumva nabi! » Ati mvuze ko: « mupfa ubusa ». Nti: « dupfana iki rero? » Ati « mwese muri abantu kandi mwese muri bene Kanyarwanda.»
Nkuko mubyiyumviye rero, uwo musaza ntabona aho ubwami na Repubulika bitandukaniye, kubera ko kuri izo ngoma z’ubutegetsi zose Umukuru w’igihugu bamwise umubyeyi w’abanyarwanda bose. Ariko arangiza avuga ko abanyarwanda twese turi bene Kanyarwanda. Ubwami bwavuyeho ntaravuka sinzi uko baririmbaga Umwami, ariko ngo baramusingizaga ndetse bakamuramya. Indirimbo nibuka ni iyo abaparmehutu baririmbye bavuga ko ngo umwe mubo abanyarwanda bise NYAGASANI yashatse kurimbura Urwanda. Ukibaza ukuntu « umubyeyi » w’abana yagira ubugome bugera aho ashaka kubarimbura bose bikakuyobera. Abo barwanashyaka bagiraga bati: « Karahabaye bahungu mwe, karahabaye ni ukuri iyo tutaza kuhaba rwari rurimbutse. Kigeri yari yarahize yuko azarurimbura, iyo tutaza kuhaba rwari rurimbutse... » Muri iyo Repubulika ya mbere yavanyeho Ubwami, umukuru w’igihugu baramuririmbye ndetse bamwe bemeza ko ari Imana yamutumye maze iramubwira ngo: « …genda unshingire pariti (ishyaka Parimehutu), inkurire abana bave mu buja. » Ni uko nawe aba yiswe UMUKIZA…
Muri Repubulika ya kabiri nabwo byagenze uko, abari mu gihugu baririmbye umukuru wayo barahanika, mu byitwaga animasiyo (animation) y’ishyaka rimwe rukumbi ryitwaga Muvoma. Iyo animasiyo yakorwaga rimwe mu cyumweru. Bakamuvuga ibigwi bigatinda! Bamwe mu baririmbyi bagakora mu nganzo maze si ukumutaka bakivayo, imirya w’inanga za gakondo n’iza kijyambere bakayikaraga hafi kuyituritsa! Abategetsi nabo umudiho bakawuceka reka sinakubwira, bakamubyinira ivumbi rigatumuka! Wakwibeshya ntujye gutumura no kurya iryo vumbi cyangwa gukoma amashyi kugirango uwo mudiho uryohe, ukitwa inyangarwanda bugacya bakwirukanye ku kazi ndetse bakagutwara intambike uziritse amapingu maze bakaguta muri gereza. Bakakubikira imbehe ariko kugirango bazayubure ukabanza kwigura… Uzize nde? Ntabwo ari wa wundi bitaga « umubyeyi w’abanyarwanda », ahubwo ni inkundarubyino, kugirango zirebwe neza. Ukaba uzize iki? Ubusa. Ubusa gusa! Nka bwa busa dupfa buri gihe. Ngo wanze kuba inkundarubyino n’inkomamashyi. Akaga kagwirira abagabo koko!
Aho gusingiza igihugu nkuko indirimbo icyubahiriza ibivuga, abanyarwanda bagasingiza umukuru wacyo. Ni uko bakitiranya igihugu n’umuyobozi wacyo. Uretse mu Rwanda, hari ahandi mwigeze mwumva bavuga ko umuyobozi w’igihugu ari Nyagasani cyangwa umubyeyi w’abenegihugu, ko no mu masomo ya demokarasi twahawe n’abanyamahanga iyo nyigisho itarimo? Biriya bintu byarakunguraga koko.
Umuntu akaba yakwibaza ibibazo bikurikira:
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Abitaga umukuru w’igihugu ko ari umubyeyi wabo kandi ari bo banze Umwami kuko bari baramureze ko yigiraga Nyagasani, bo babaga bayobewe ibyo indirimbo yubahiriza igihugu ivuga? Ko nta muntu wibyara kandi nawe akaba ari umuntu, bumvaga ko umubyeyi we yari nde? Kereka uwo mukuru w’igihugu abaye ari IMANA koko, nawe akaba ahindutse Nyagasani rero! Kandi ni byo Repubulika yareze Ubwami.
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Abarwanyije ubwo butegetsi bwose uko bwakurikiranye ko bakunze kuvuga ko akarengane katerwaga n’Umukuru w’igihugu kuko yategekaga byose, bavuga ko Rubanda n’abategetsi bafataga uwo muntu nk’Ikigirwamana bo nta makosa babaga bafite? Yari kubuzwa n’iki se gukora ibyo ashaka mu gihe abandi bategetsi bafatanyije ndetse n’abaturage bo mu gihugu bari babimushyigikiyemo?
Reka tureke kuvuga ko kwita umukuru w’igihugu umubyeyi ari ukumubehya kuko ntawe ureba mu mitima y’abantu, ariko twemere ko atari ukumubwiza ukuri.
Kuki se batamubwizaga ukuri? Bamwe bagira bati impamvu ni ugushakira imibereho mu guhakirizwa. Mu gihe cy’Ubwami ibyo byapfa kwumvikana kuko hari hakiriho ubuhake. Muri Repubulika se ko ingoyi ya gihake twayiciye, yaba yaragarutse ite? Abandi bati ni ukubera ubwoba kuko abaturage babaga bishakira amaramuko. Biramutse ari ibyo koko, uwo mutegetsi yari akwiye kubamara ubwoba, maze bakamubwiza ukuri, nawe akabashimira. Ku rundi ruhande nanone, yagombaga gushimira abatamwita umubyeyi bo bamubwizaga ukuri kuko bamwerekaga amakosa akora, kugirango ayikosore; ahubwo akabagaya kuba batarabikoze mbere hose agitangira kuyakora. Umuntu ukubwiza ukuri, ndavuga ukuri kudasesereza, kudasebanya, kudatukana kandi kutica umutumirano, kutarimo inzika n’urwango, kutari ukwa politiki ya « vaho ngeho », aba agukunda kuko akugira inama nziza. Hari ababifata nabi, ariko si byo. Abantu babwiza ukuri abategetsi babereka amakosa bakora, ni uko baba babakunda kandi bakunda igihugu, babifuriza gutegeka neza. Ibi ni byo abashinzwe kurengera uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu bakora. Umuntu ukuririmba, akakubyinira ndetse akagukomera amashyi kugirango akwereke ko agushyigikiye nyuma akaguca inyuma akajya kuvuga amakosa yawe ayabwira abandi kandi ashobora kuyakwibwirira imbone nkubone, uwonguwo ashobora no kukubeshyera, akaba yaguhemukira.
Hagati ya 1990-1994 bamwe bitaga umukuru w’igihugu ko ari umubyeyi wabo bakamukomera amashyi ndetse bakamubyinira baje kumuhindukirana, bamugaragariza ko batamubwizaga ukuri. Ab’inkwakuzi bashinga amashyaka arwanya irye (rimwe bahozemo), abandi barayayoboka maze bajya mu mihanda bati: vaho ntitugushaka. Ibyahoze ari indirimbo n’imbyino z’ibisingizo bihindukamo indirimbo n’imbyino z’ibisebyo. Kugera aho bamubwiye ku mugaragaro ngo nava ku butegetsi impundu zizavuga. Ashobora kuba yaribajije impamvu batamubwije ukuri mbere hose! Ariko se twavuga ko we yari abiyobewe. Ibyabaye icyo gihe ntawakekaga ko byashoboraga kuzaba. Iby’Isi ni amabanga koko!
Ngo ingoma zigira isano.
Repubulika ya kabiri ikimara kuvaho, Bihibindi nongeye kumubaza nti: ko hari abavuga ko ingoma zisa ntacyo zipfana, ni byo? Ati: abo barabeshya. Ati: kuva ku Bwami kugeza kuri Repubulika, mu Rwanda wigeze se wumva umutegetsi washatse kurekura ingoma? Nti: oya. Ati: none se ubwo urumva izo ngoma zidafitanye isano yuko ubutegetsi bwose bukundwa? Koko rero, igihe cy’Ubwami, abami bavagaho ari uko batanze (bitabye Imana). Muri Repubulika naho, abakuru b’igihugu bagiye bakurwa ku butegetsi ku ngufu n’ababarwanyije, kuko batashakaga kubusangira nabo, hakamena amaraso y’abanyarwanda.
Abashyigikiraga umukuru w’igihugu bamwitaga umubyeyi mwiza udasimburwa kandi atazahoraho iteka ryose, naho abatamushyigikiye bakamwita umubyeyi gito, kuko yikubiraga ubutegetsi. Nyamara bamwe muri abo bamurwanyije nabo mbere baramwitaga umubyeyi. Mu gihe akiriho bose bakamuha ingufu kurusha umwanya w’ubutegetsi arimo n’izindi nzego z’ubutegetsi, bakamuramya, nyuma bakazamwitakanwa bavuga ko ari we wihaye izo ngufu kandi ari bo bazimuhaye. Bitabaye ari ibyo, mwasobanura gute ko umuntu umwe, ufite umutwe umwe, igihimba kimwe, amaboko abiri n’amaguru abiri nk’abandi bantu, ashobora kugira ingufu zirushije uburemere iz’inzego z’ubutegetsi? Ni uko bakamwita « umunyagitugu » kandi ari bo babimugize, ariko ntibemere ayo makosa yabo. Ngo kuko bashwanye nawe bagashyira ahagaragara amakosa ye, bakwumva ko babaye abere! Intungane da! Rubanda narwo rugakurikira, rukagwa mu mutego. N’abemeye ibyaha bakoze ntibagire ubutwari bwo kwishyikiriza inkiko ngo bazisobanurire uko bubatse icyo gitugu. Abanyarwanda twagorwa ye! Bagashyigikira cyangwa bakarwanya umuntu ku giti cye aho gushyigikira cyangwa kurwanya imikorere myiza cyangwa mibi y’izo nzego z’ubutegetsi (instititutions politiques). Ni uko nawe akigira igihangange nkaho ari we wishyize ku butegetsi cyangwa wihaye izo ngufu, agatigisa abazimuhaye ukagirango azazihorana, ntazirikane ko abongabo asuzugura ari nabo bazazimwambura igihe nikigera, akibagirwa ko ibihe biha ibindi… Akaba nka wa murundi wigeze kuvuga ngo « nishyizeko nzikurako » (niba baratamubeshyeye). Wa mutegetsi mukuru yamara kuvaho za ndirimbo zamusingizaga zikibagirana burundu, na ba bahanzi bakaburiramo. Ni uko byatugendekeye abanyarwanda. Rimwe na rimwe abantu turakanura kuko tubona hafi yacu ariko ntiturebe kure ! Ntidushishoza buri gihe. Abanyarwanda bo wagirango biri muri kamere yacu.
Reka ntange urugero rumwe. Repubulika ya mbere yagiyeho nyuma y’imyivumbagatanyo (révolution) ya 1959 n’imvururu zakurikiyeho kandi zahitanye abanyarwanda benshi. Ariko izo nzirakarengane ntizigeze zibukwa mbere y’ubutegetsi bwagiyeho nyuma ya jenoside ya 1994. Mu mihango yo kwibuka abahitanywe n’iryo itsembabwoko ry’abatutsi niho bamwe baboneyeho kwibuka ababo bishwe mu myaka ya 1959, 1963, 1973. Ubutegetsi bwa Repubulika ya kabili bwari ubutegetsi bwa gisirikare bwagiyeho ku ngufu muri 1973 mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, abanyarwanda bamwe baricwa, barimo abanyepoliti b’abasivili. Abo banyarwanda nabo ntibigeze baririrwa cyangwa ngo bibukwe ku mugaragaro. Tariki ya 16 Kanama 2014 ni bwo habayeho mu Bubiligi umuhango wa mbere wo kwibuka abanyepolitiki bazize ubwo bwicanyi, uwo muhango ukaba warateguwe n’imiryango yabo. Abanyarwanda bamwe baba hanze y’igihugu ntibabifashe neza kuko bavuze ngo ibyo ni ugucamo ibice abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bw’i Kigali; nyamara kandi nabo barega abari ku butegetsi mu Rwanda ko batareka abahutu biciwe kwibuka ababo. Ibi nabyo ni amayobera. Kuki abo banyarwanda bari muri izo impande za politiki batemera ko izo nzirakarengane nazo zibukwa? Hari abavuga ko abadashaka ko bamwe mu bazize ubwicanyi bibukwa ari uko baba baragize uruhare muli ubwo bwicanyi cyangya ko bari babushyigikiye. Ibi bikwiye gusesengurwa ariko harimo n’impamvu za politiki birumvikana. Gusa ibyo biragaragaza ko abanyarwanda bamwe bashaka ko akababaro kabo kumvikana nyamara ntibashake kwumva akababaro k’abandi (manque de compassion et de reconnaissance de la souffrance des autres victimes). Ndetse hariho n’abumva ko ngo bababaye kurusha abandi ariko ntiberekane umunzani babipimiraho, bakabivuga ku mugaragaro mu buryo bw’itebwoba bashaka impamvu yo kwishyira hejuru y’abandi banyarwanda no kuvuga ko babarusha uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu nkaho abandi bo atari abantu. Ibyo byose bibangamira ubwiyunge nyakuri.
Nta tegeko-nshinga ryemera imvururu cyangwa kuvanaho ubutegetsi hakoreshejwe ingufu (coup d’Etat) n’intambara. Ibyo birazwi. Ariko abanyarwanda ntibabitindagaho cyane kuko ubwo butegetsi barabwemeye – nako barabwemejwe – maze barangaza amaso ku mukuru w’igihugu ku giti cye gusa aho kureba niba imiyoborere y’ubwo butegetsi iberanye na demokarasi. Bakwumva ko ibyo ari ibintu bisanzwe, kandi atari ko byagombye. Ndetse navuga ko hari abari baradamaraye. Ishyaka rimwe ryari ryemewe mu gihugu (Parimehutu) ryasimbuwe n’irindi rimwe rukumbi (Muvoma) kugeza muri 1991! Ndetse n’abarwanyije uwo mukuru w’igihugu mu ruhando rw’amashyaka menshi (1991-1994), ntibigeze bashaka kuvanaho iyo mpamvu yatumaga agira ingufu kurusha inzego z’ubutegetsi ubwazo, ahubwo bavugaga ko navaho – byonyine gusa – ibibazo byose bizahita bicyemuka. Ni ko byagenze se? Kandi ntiyavuye ku butegetsi gusa ahubwo ntakiri no kuri iyi Si y’Imana n’abantu. Ahubwo ubu hariho bamwe muri abo bamurwanyije bicuza ibyo bakoze ndetse basigaye bamwifuza batakimubonye, nkaho iyo aza kuba akiriho agasubira ku butegetsi bya bibazo byose yahita abibonera umuti. None se yari gucyemura ibyo bibazo gute niba ari we wabitezaga wenyine? Kuki atakwongera agakora nk’ibyo bamuregaga? Ibi ni byo bikwiye kwereka abo bamurwanyije ko uburyo bakoresheje kandi bakoresha ubu barwanya ubutegetsi, atari bwo bukwiye, bityo bakabona bagahindura imikorere yabo ya politiki.
Umwanya w’ubutegetsi ni urwego rw’igihugu rutadukanye n’umuntu ushyirwa muri uwo mwanya. Abantu benshi barabyitiranya bagafata umuntu ku giti cye nk’urwego rw’igihugu kandi atari byo. Intebe y’ubutegetsi ihoraho, aribo abategetsi ntibayihoraho, barasimburana.
Uretse abanyepolitiki bavanyeho Ubwami bo banze ingoyi ya gihake batarwanya umwami gusa, abarwanyije Repubulika ya mbere n’iya kabili, bose bavugaga ko abakuru b’igihugu bariho ari bo bateraga ibibazo byose. Nyamara n’aho baviriyemo, nubwo ibibazo bimwe byacyemutse, havutse ibindi bimwe bisa n’ibya mbere. Byumvikana rero ko tudashakira ibibazo n’ibisubizo aho biri hose.
Muri Repubulika ya gatatu se byifashe bite? Ese iyo mikorere ya Rubanda n’abanyepolitiki bacu, ari abari ku butegetsi n’ababurwanya, yaba yarahindutse? Amasomo twasigiwe n’ibyatubayeho ni ayahe? Ndabaretse namwe ngo mwisubirize ibyo bibazo mugereranyije n’ibyabaye maze gusobanura, maze mushishoze murebe igikwiye gukorwa. Mutanavuga ko nshyigikiye cyangwa ko ndwanya ubutegetsi buriho cyangwa ababurwanya… Kandi nyamara mbwira bose. Dore ko bamwe mu banyepolitiki bo mu mashyaka bavuga ngo iyo utabashyigikiye uba ubarwanya cyangwa ushyigikiye abo barwanya. Nkaho nta bundi buryo bwabaho bwo kwubaka demokarasi utabogamiye ku ruhande uru n’uru rwa politiki y’amashyaka. Ubwo buryo bushya ni bwo uyu mushinga wiyemeje gukoresha: gukangurira abantu kureba uruhare rwabo mu bibazo bafitanye, impande zose, batarebye urw’abandi gusa, kugirango bashobore kubyicyemurira. Kurwana ishyaka rya demokarasi si ukuba mw’ishyaka rya politiki gusa!
Sinarangiza ariko ntavuze ko bitangaje kwumva abanyepolitiki bamwe bo muli opposition bemeza ko barwanya ubutegetsi bavuga ku mugaragaro ko bashaka kubuvanaho banyuze mu nzira ababuriho nabo banyuzemo. Bibaye ari byo se baba babarwanyiriza iki niba bashaka gukora nk’ibyo nabo bakoze kandi babona ko inzira banyuzemo ari nziza? Kuki batakorana nabo se ahubwo ngo basangire ubwo butegetsi? Ibyo ni bimwe bituma abanyepolitiki nkabo batagirirwa icyizere kuko umuntu adasobanukirwa icyo bagamije. Politiki y’abanyarwanda nayo ni amayobera…
Umwanzuro
Kuva Urwanda rwabaho ko twagize abakuru b’igihugu benshi, ubwo abanyarwanda twaba tumaze kugira ababyeyi bangahe baramutse biswe gutyo? Kandi tuzagira n’abandi benshi. Abo bose se bakwitwa ababyeyi bacu kandi umuntu wese avuka ku babyeyi babiri gusa? Niyo abaye impfubyi akabona usimbura ababyeyi be, ntabwo byitwa ko ari we wamubyaye. No muli politiki ni kimwe. Nubwo umunyarwanda yabona ubundi bwenegihugu, ntibivuze ko icyo gihugu cyamureze kiba cyaramubyaye. Tuvugishe ukuri, kwita umukuru w’igihugu umubyeyi wacyo ntibiberanye na demokarasi, yaba iyo twigishijwe n’abanyamahanga, yaba n’iyacu dushaka y’abanyarwanda.
Abanyarwanda BABAYEHO, ABARIHO N’ABAZAHO, dufite ababyeyi babiri bazahoraho iteka. Muri demokarasi, umukuru w’igihugu atorwa n’abaturage, ni bo bamuhitamo hakurikijwe amategeko uko abigena. Kimwe n’uko nta muntu uhitamo umubyeyi uzamubyara, nta n’uhitamo igihugu azavukamo. Ntibibaho.
Abategetsi barasimburana, ntibahoraho nk’Imana cyangwa igihugu. Urwanda ni rwo mubyeyi w’abanyarwanda kuko ari rwo rwatubyaye. Ku bemera Imana, nayo ni umubyeyi w’abanyarwanda kimwe n’abandi bantu bose batuye Isi, bityo abantu twese tukaba abana b’Imana, baremwe mw’ishusho ryayo. Dusangiye ubumuntu. Ibyo abanyarwanda tubirengaho kandi tubizi neza.
Igikwiye gukorwa rero ni ukuvanaho impamvu zishobora gutuma Rubanda na bamwe mu bategetsi batabwiza ukuri abayobozi bakuru b’igihugu. Kwubaha abategetsi ni ngombwa, kuko baba bahagarariye inzego z’igihugu. Utubashye umukuru w’igihugu, ntiwaba wubashye n’igihugu cyawe aba ahagarariye. Ariko hari uburyo n’imvugo zabigenewe nko kumwakira neza no kumwita Nyakubahwa, agahabwa icyubahiro kimukwiye. Ibyo ariko bisaba ko abategetsi nabo bubaha abenegihugu kuko ari bo babashyira ku ntebe y’ubutegetsi, kandi nabo bakiyubaha. Bityo bose bakagomba kwubahana. Bitaba ibyo, icyizere kigatakara.
Urwanda ntabwo ari igihugu gito, twese tugomba kuzarubanamo kandi tuzarukwirwamo kuko ari urwacu twese. Byanze bikunze. Urwanda si umubyeyi gito kuko ntacyo rwigeze rutwima, ahubwo ni uko tunanirwa gusangira ibyiza rufite. Nitureke uwo mwiryane maze tubane neza.
Genda Rwanda uri nziza!
Ibibazo bidasanzwe bicyemurwa n’umuti udasanzwe kandi impinduka ikorwa n’ibitekerezo bishya.
Indirimbo nk’iyi itaka Urwanda ntiyakwibagirana!
Mushobora kwumva izindi ndirimbo zitaka Urwanda kuri vidéos « RWANDA NZIZA »
Ndi Umuhuza w’Umushinga w’Ubwiyunge Nyakuri, ntabwo ndi umuhanuzi…
Umushinga wigenga utabogamiye kuri politiki y’amashyaka n’ubutegetsi.
- Mushaka kumenya ibitekerezo bishya ku bwiyunge nyakuri, mukande hano (murebe inyandiko ziri mu cyika cya mbere). Murabigezwaho na MUSOMESHA Aloys, umuyobozi n’umuhuza w’uyu mushinga. Musome kandi namwe musomeshe n’abandi!
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