Kuva Urwanda rwatangira kugira impunzi, nta politiki nyakuri ihuza abanyarwanda, abari mu Rwanda no hanze yarwo, yigeze ibaho. Ntiyagombye kwitwa politiki yo gucyura impunzi kubera impamvu ngiye gusobanura. Umuryango mpuzamahanga ushinzwe kurengera impunzi nawo nta bubasha ufite bwo gushyiraho iyo politiki kuko utagizwe n’abanyarwanda. Nta n’ubwo ukwiye kuzihatira gutaha nkuko bikunze kuvugwa. Ahubwo uwo muryango ugomba kwirinda kurenganya impunzi. Kimwe n’uko bamwe mu banyarwanda ari bo bashyizeho politiki mbi yo gutanya no guteranya benewabo kugeza ubwo yirukanye abavandimwe babo mu gihugu bavukamo, hakwiye kuboneka abandi banyarwanda biyemeza bashyiraho politiki ihuza abanyarwanda bose kandi yafasha impunzi gutaha mu Rwanda, politiki ishingiye ku mahame ya demokarasi. Umuryango mpuzamahanga ushinzwe kurengera impunzi ukabibafashamo.
Umuhanzi w’umuhanga Byumvuhore Yohani Batista aragira ati: « Muce iteka mu Rwanda uwahunze arutahe… » Nawe arifuza ko duhurira mu Urwatubyaye. Reka twumve uko yubaka demokarasi.
Ndahamya rero ko iyo politiki atari amashyaka akwiye kuyikora kuko adahuje gahunda. Ndetse zimwe mu mvugo na bimwe mu bikorwa by’amashyaka yabayeho n’ariho ubu ntibihumuriza abanyarwanda kuko bitabaha icyizere cyo kubana hamwe. Hari ibimenyetso byinshi bibigaragaza. Dore bimwe muri ibyo bimenyetso:
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Wasobanura ute ko ishyaka ryawe rifite politiki ihuza abanyarwanda mu gihe ritarengera bose kandi impunzi ziba ari nyinshi i Shyanga?
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Wakwita inyangarwanda abanyarwanda bari hanze y’igihugu n’abandi mutavuga rumwe (n’izindi nyito ntavuze) ubashinja ibyaha batakoze, kandi ababikoze bahari, warangiza ukababwira ko ngo ishyaka ryawe rishaka kuba umuhuza wabo, ngo nibatahe nta kibazo gihari demokarasi iraganje?
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Washinja ibyaha bitabaho abanyarwanda bari mu gihugu (n’ibindi bikorwa ntavuze), ngo ko bakubuza gutaha kubera ko bashyigikiye ubutegetsi urwanya, warangiza ukababwira ko ishyaka ryawe rishaka kuba umuhuza wabo ndetse ko ubazaniye demokarasi yo kubarengera?
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Ishyaka ryaba umuhuza w’abanyarwanda bose gute mu gihe hari ayandi atavuga rumwe naryo?
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Amashyaka yahuza abanyarwanda gute mu gihe nayo ubwayo ashyamirana ntashobora guhura ngo agirane ibiganiro nyakuri? Niyo yabishobora, ntiyahuza abanyarwanda bose kuko hari abatayarimo.
1. Tuzahurira i Rwanda ryari?
Kera kuri Repubulika ya mbere n’iya kabili, nta mpunzi zatinyukaga ku mugaragaro gusura bene wabo babaga bari mu Rwanda. Ababikoraga bajyaga mu gihugu rwihishwa. Kimwe n’uko abaturage bo mu gihugu batatinyukaga kujya gusura impunzi bene wabo mu bihugu bahungiyemo. Uwabikoraga yashoboraga gucibwa umutwe aramutse amenyekanye. Vuba aha, hari uwambwiye ko iyo yajyaga gusura umubyeyi we ngo yagendaga nk’abacengezi. Ibyo mbabwiye nanjye ndabizi neza ntawabimpakanya…
Nyuma y’intambara ya 1994, ibintu byarahindutse. Impunzi zashoboraga gutaha cyangwa umuntu akaba yajya kuzisura avuye mu Rwanda. Na n’ubu, mu gihe nandika iyi nyandiko, hari n’abanyarwanda bo mu gihugu bajya gusura bene wabo b’impunzi ku mugaragaro bakagaruka mu gihugu nta nkomyi. Hari n’impunzi zaboneye ubwenegihugu aho zituye, zijya gusura benewabo mu Rwanda zikagaruka mu gihugu zahungiyemo ntawe uzihutaje. Kuba batagumayo, ni ku mpamvu zabo bwite ariko umuntu ntiyabura kugira icyo abivugaho.
Kuko iyo bagiye mu Rwanda, bagendera ku rupapuro rw’inzira (passeport) bahawe n’igihugu cy’amahanga batuyemo. Bakagenda bitwa ko ari abanyamahanga (abanyamerika, abafaransa, ababiligi, abaholandi, abanyakanada, n’abandi benshi). Bamwe muri bo ngo iyo bageze ku kibuga cy’indege i Kanombe, abakozi b’icyo kibuga iyo bababajije mu kinyarwanda abandi basubiza mu cyongereza, bakakididibuza, abavuga igifaransa bagashaka abasemuzi! Ni uko abakozi bakajya ku butaka, bagaseka bagatemba, kuko ibisubizo babona biba biberanye n’ibibazo bababajije. Byumvikana ko baba bumva ikinyarwanda kandi ari abanyarwanda. Ibyo byerekana ko n’ubwo baba basubiye mu Rwanda, baba bagifite ubwoba, n’ikimenyimenyi nyine ni uko batagumayo ngo batureyo kandi ari mu gihugu cyababyaye. Ngo ntawamenya ejo uko bizagenda… Ariko ababakira ku kibuga cy’indege, cyangwa mu gihugu imbere, baba bazi ko ari abanyarwanda. Ngo nta munyarwanda uyoberwa undi! Birumvikana rero ko, niba hari abanyarwanda bajya i Rwanda bagatinya kuvuga ikinyarwanda kandi bakizi, ururimi ruduhuza, ni uko igihe cyo guhurirayo twese kitaragera, Icyo gihe ni cyo dutegereje. Nyamara ibyaduhurizayo si byo tubuze, ahubwo ni uko tutabishyira imbere.
Ibyo maze kuvuga binyibutsa ibindi byabaye mu gihe cyo kuva muri za 1960 (na mbere yaho ndetse) kugera muli 1994, ubwo abatutsi bamwe bafashe amarangamuntu y’abahutu, bahunga akarengane kakorwaga na politiki y’irondakoko cyangwa kugirango berekane ko bashyigikiye ubutegetsi bwariho. Bagahisha ko ari abatutsi. Ariko abaturanyi babo ndetse n’abategetsi babahinduriye ubwoko, ntibari bayobewe ko bari abatutsi. Muri 1994, ibyo hari abo byakijije, ariko si bose. Ntihagire ubimpakanya kuko hari abo nzi. Ubwoko bw’abatutsi, baje kwongera kubwemera ku mugaragaro nyuma y’intambara ya 1994, maze bahemukira bamwe mu bahutu batumye barokoka, barabafungisha babarenganya abandi ndetse barabicisha, kandi ari byo bangaga ko abandi babakorera. Nka ba bahutu banze gukandamizwa n’abatutsi igihe cy’ubwami nyuma aho buviriyemo nabo bagahohotera abo batutsi. Icyo bamwe barushije abandi ni iki? Ni uko bashyira ubwoko bwabo imbere, baraburata karahava! Baririmba intsinzi mu majwi meza, barahanika, nk’abanyuramatwi nyuma ya 1960 ubwo bagiraga bati : « Turatsinze ga ye, turatsinze!… » Abandi nabo bati: « Intsinzi bana b’Urwanda intsinzi... ». Mbega amajwi meza y’abahutu n’abatutsi we! Izi ndirimbo uwazivanga zikavamo imwe gusa ariko agashyiramo n’amajwi y’abatwa yaba nziza pe! Abo banyarwanda bose uwabahuza bakaririmbira hamwe ko batsindiye demokarasi aho gutsindana Isi yose yahururira icyo gitaramo! Bazahura ryari, bazahuzwa na nde?
Ni uko rero ba « bahutu » basubiranye ubututsi bifatanya n’abandi barokotse babyina iyo intsinzi, kandi bamaze kubura ababo, barataraka reka sinakubwira! Kurusha abatsinze intambara! Waba utabizi ukagirango bafatanyije urugamba cyangwa batanze umusanzu, bityo bakaba bari ibyitso koko. Byahe byo kajya. Habe n’igiceri cy’ifaranga! Ngo ni uko bahuje ubwoko, nkaho ari bwo butsinze. Ibyo gusa! Kandi muri iyo ntambara na mbere yaho, barifatanyije n’abahutu banze itotezwa ry’abatutsi. Ariko ubu hari abari hanze y’igihugu, hamwe na bamwe muri abo bahutu bishongoragaho ko batsinze, baranabatanze mu buhungiro. Intambara ikirangira narebaga ibyo bigira nkumirwa. Nababaza ibyo barimo bakanyamagana. Nkayoberwa niba ari bo nari nzi. Birumvikana ko bagombaga kwishimira ko barokotse, ni byo rwose. Ariko ntibyakwitwa gutsinda. Byari kuba byiza nanone iyo bashimira ababafashije kurokoka, abaribo bose. Nyamara, nyuma baje kubona ko ibyo nababwiraga byari ukuri. Isi burya ngo ni zunguruka kandi ibyayo ni amabanga koko! Gatebe Gatoki! Abanyarwanda bafite ubwenge cyimeza ku buryo bamenye ko Isi izunguruka mbere yuko bagera mu mashuri y’ababiligi, ariko bamwe na bamwe barabyibagirwa. Niba bakoreshaga ubwo bwenge uko bikwiye Urwanda rwahinduka Paradizo!
Nanone mbere gato ya génocide muri 1994, nahuriye i Kigali n’umugabo w’umusivili twiganye wandikaga mu kinyamakuru inzandiko zikoma abatutsi. Ni uko ndamubaza nti: ese ko ziriya nyandiko zawe zituka abatutsi, wagerageje ukazihagarika? Ati: mba nkangurira abahutu kugirango birwaneho. Intambara iri hafi kurangira, twongera guhura yambaye simoko (imyenda ya gisirikare). Bitewe nuko nari nzi ko atigeze mu gisirikare, mpita nibwiriza mbona ko yabaye interahamwe, ngira ubwoba. Nibuka ibyo namubwiye ngirango ari buntunge imbunda yari afite. Mbuze icyo mubwira, mubaza aho imirwano igeze, ati: turi hafi kuzikubita inshuro (inkotanyi). Kandi ubwo, twari mu majyepfo y’igihugu tuvuye i Kigali, duhunga iyo ntambara, dusiganwa, inkotanyi ziri hafi kutugeraho! Iyo wa muryango urengera impunzi (HCR) utanga imidari, mba mberetse uw’urwibutso negukanye uwo munsi; kuko abo twari kumwe narabanikiye ku buryo narinze ntandukana n’uwo mugabo bataranshyikira. Ndakeka ndetse ko nanjye nesheje umuhigo! Ni uko uwo mugabo musezeraho nikomereza kwiruka amasigamana, musiga aho, nyuma y’amasaha atatu gusa inkotanyi zifata aho namusize agitegereje kurwana nazo. Naje kumenya ko ari ho zamwiciye. Nawe iyo aza kuba akiriho, yari kwemera ko ibyo nigeze kumubwira byari ukuri. Kera twigana uwo musore yaritondaga sinari nzi ko nawe yahinduka atyo.
Mvuze ibyo kugirango tureke gushyira amoko y’abanyarwanda imbere y’ibiduhuza no kuyaha agaciro adafite. Ntabwo ari ugusesereza abo bavandimwe. Oya rwose sinabigira.
Ibyo bikorwa byo kurata, gushyira imbere amoko no kuyagira ibikangisho ndabirwanya; ariko ibindi birebana no guhindura ubwoko n’ubwenegihugu ndabyemera, ndabishima kandi ndabishyigikiye, kuko ari uburyo bwo kurengera amagara yawe cyangwa ubuzima bw’undi. Ndetse nanjye muri 1994, hari abagabo babiri b’iwacu kavukire nafashije muri ubwo buryo. Umwe muri bo yari iwanjye mw’ijoro ryo kuwa 6 rishyira kuwa 7 Mata. Bukeye mugira inama duhisha irangamuntu ye y’ubututsi, mubwira ko agomba kwumva ko, guhera uwo munsi, ahindutse umuhutu (psychologiquement), nihagira umubaza ibyangombwa tumubwira ko ari umuhutu, tukamubwira ko irangamuntu ye bayimwibye ku itariki ya 6 Mata ubwo yari mu rugendo aje kunsura. Mbikora mu muhango ujya gusa nk’uyu:
- Nti: wemera ko Kanyarwanda ari umukurambere w’abanyarwanda twese kandi utagira ubwoko? Ati: ndabyemera.
- Nti: wemera ko Gahutu, Gatwa na Gatutsi bose ari abana b’Urwanda? Ati: ndabyemera.
- Nti: wemera ko umunyarwanda wese ashobora kwitwa Gahutu uyu munsi, ejo akitwa Gatutsi, ejobundi akitwa Gatwa, ejobundi buriya akitwa Kanyarwanda izina ry’umukurambere wacu twese, kubera ko nta tegeko aba yishe? Ariyumviraaaaa. Ati: ndabyemera.
Nti: guhera ubu rero, mw’izina rya Kanyarwanda, umukurambere wacu twese kandi utagira ubwoko, kubera ko wemera ayo mayobera uko ari atatu, bitewe n’ibihe turimo, nkwise: GAHUTU, uzitwe iryo zina kugeza igihe intambara n’itotezwa rya Gatutsi birangiriye. Nibirangira uzitwe irindi zina uzashaka, rijyanye n’igihe tuzaba tugezemo, maze uzibereho. Uzaba umaze kumenya byinshi. Kandi ubwo wemera ko ukomoka kuri Kanyarwanda utagira ubwoko, nawe ushobora kwiyita iryo zina kuko riruta ayandi. Mba ndamubatije mwene Kanyarwanda! Ngira Imana nawe arankundira ashirika ubwoba. Kundusha. Ibyo twapanze ni ko byagenze koko, nanjye ndamuvuganira birakunda. Bicamo, nka ya mvugo y’iki gihe!
Yashiritse ubwoba, ku buryo umunsi umwe bumaze kwira yambwiye ati ngiye kuri bariyeri. Nti uramenye, uramenye. Ati si ndi GAHUTU se, kandi ntitukiri mu ntambara? Ati reka nigire kuri bariyeri nk’abandi. Mu gihe ntaramusubiza, aba yasohotse yihuta ajya kuri bariyeri. Uko yakabivuze koko, mukurikiye numva amasasu y’urufaya, ngira ubwoba nsubira munzu. Nti birarangiye interahamwe ziramwishe. Ndara nibaza ibyo nzasobanurira umuryango we nimba nkiriho, ntazi ibizawubaho. Ijoro ryose amasasu arara aturagurika imbere y’iwanjye. Bukeye njya gushaka umurambo wa GAHUTU mu yindi ndawubura, bambwira ko inkotanyi zatwaye abari kuri iyo bariyeri bose, hamwe na bamwe mu batutsi bari mu ngo zabo. Ni uko umugabo akira atyo. Agomba kuba atarategereje ko intambara irangira kugirango ahindure izina! Ubu sinzi uko yitwa! Ariko Imana twagize, ni uko aho nari ntuye hari kure cyane y’iwacu twese kavukire, bityo abaturanyi bakaba batari bamuzi. Kimwe n’uko nanjye batari banzi neza kuko hari hashize amezi abiri gusa mpimukiye kandi ari mu mujyi. Nkuko umwe mu baturanyi banjye wajyanywe n’inkotanyi muri iryo joro yabimbwiye intambara irangiye, ngo ni yo mpamvu ataje kumbwira ngo tujyane…
Ngibyo ibyo twise amoko y’abanyarwanda! Ayo moko y’abanyarwanda aba mu mutwe no mu ngengabitekerezo ya politiki (idéologie politique), bityo akaba ukundi kwemera (autre croyance). Ntabwo aba ku isura ry’umubili cyangwa mu muco karande wacu kandi ntanavukanwa, baratubeshye. Binyibutsa nanone umuntu wambwiye ko yari afite abavandimwe bamwe bemera ko ari abahutu abandi bemera ko ari abatutsi kandi bose basangiye se na nyina. Arambwira ati: nanjye rimwe numva ndi umuhutu, ubundi nkumva ndi umututsi. Iby’amoko nzabigarukaho mu nyandiko yihariye, twumve abatayemera n’abayemera, maze twibaze tuti: atumariye iki? Nbabararitse! Izo nkuru maze kubabwira mu mwanya ni impamo (ukuri), ntabwo ari urwenya. Byumvikane neza, ntabwo ibyo maze kuvuga ari ukugereranya ibibi by’ingoma z’ubutegetsi, ahubwo ni ukwerekana uburyo umuntu ashobora kubirwanya, yirengera cyangwa arengera undi, kandi nkanerekana ibyiza byazo n’ukuntu birutana. Mwihangane twibande cyane ku byiza biri muri izo ngero ntanze kurusha ibibi bizirimo.
Hari ndetse n’abahunguka bakaguma mu gihugu. Iyo ni indi ntambwe nziza. Ibyo buri wese akwiye kubishima, iyo izo ngendo navuze ntacyo zibangamiraho abandi banyarwanda, ni ukuvuga iyo nta kindi kizihishe inyuma mu buryo bwa politiki. Bamwe bari muli politiki y’amashyaka bo ariko hari igihe babinenga, bakavuga ko abakora izo ngendo bajya gufatanya n’abo batavuga rumwe nabo, kandi atariko bigenda buri gihe. Ibi ni byo navuze nti impunzi zizataha nizibona ko icyo zahunze kitakiriho. Bizaba mahire nanone umunsi umwe buzacya tukumva ku maradiyo, amatereviziyo, internet n’ibindi binyamakuru, hari abayobozi bakuru batangaje nk’ibyo uyu muririmbyikazi avuga, maze bagatanga ihumure. Impunzi zituye Isi yose zahita zitaha ikivunge, zisiganwa, nk’igihe zasohokaga mu gihugu muli 1994 zishaka ahari amahoro. Twamara kugera i Rwanda, abanyarwanda tukarara « inkera y’amahoro » bukadukeraho! Duhagaze bwuma!
Uyu muririmbyikazi aragira ati: « Banyarwanda twese nimuze duhurire i Kigali, Kigali umurwa w’amahoro, umutima w’Urwatubyaye. Turare inkera, turare inkera y’amahoro… » Reka mbareke mumwiyumvire nawe uko yubaka demokarasi. Arifuza ko duhurira iwacu. Akwiye kuzaba umwe mu bayobozi ba wa muryango uzahuza abanyarwanda.
Abo bahunguka n’abajya gusura bene wabo, babisikana ariko n’abandi basohoka mu gihugu bahunze. Ni uko bahurira mu nzira bakabazanya aho bagiye, buri wese agasubiza ati: ngiye aho uvuye! Uvuye mu Rwanda ati ngiye muli misiyo (mission). Wa « munyamahanga » yagaruka mu gihugu yaturutsemo, akahasanga wa munyarwanda, akamubaza ati: ese ko utarataha, misiyo ntirarangira? Undi ati: yararangiye ariko nagumye ino nkawe! Ngo: ku zihe mpamvu se? Undi ati: nk’izawe! Akongeraho ati: nanjye ndashaka ubundi bwenegihugu! Yamubaza iki kindi uretse kumuha ikaze? Naho undi muntu witegereje abo banyarwanda akabaza ati: « Ese ko bamwe bahunguka abandi bagahunga, muzahurira i Rwanda ryari? Muzahuzwa na nde? » Bakabura icyo bamusubiza.
Politiki ihuza abanyarwanda ni yo twese dukeneye. Duhagurukire rimwe twese tuyikore, maze murebe ko tudahurira i Rwanda !
2. Nitwisuzume maze twubake demokarasi
Muri politiki, abanyarwanda dufite akamenyero ko gushakira ibibazo n’ibisubizo byose ku muntu umwe gusa cyangwa ku bantu bake bari kw’isonga mu butegetsi bukuru bw’igihugu. Bamwe bati kanaka n’abagize ikipe ye bavuye ku butegetsi maze twe n’ishyaka ryacu tukabasimbura, impundu zavuga, igihugu kigatemba amata n’ubuki. Abandi bati reka daaa, bati muribeshya hari ibyo mutazi, ntimukurikira, ahubwo bagumyeho n’ishyaka ryabo ni ho abanyarwanda twese twagira amahoro arambye, igihe cyose, maze tugahorana umunezero, kuko tubona nta bandi bakora ibyiza nk’ibyo batugejejeho.
Hakaba n’abandi bashyira ibibazo byose ku banyamahanga. Bati: « abakoloni ni bo ba mbere baduteje ibibazo dufite kuko baduteranyije. » Hari n’abavuga ngo abo banyamahanga nta somo bakwiye kuduha batwigisha demokarasi ngo kuko ibyo dukora nabo babidukoreye mu gihe cy’ubukoloni. Nanjye nti: ni uko nyine baba badashaka ko dukora nk’ibyo badukoreye. None se twaba tubarushije iki? Bo umuntu agerageje kubumva – ni ukugerageza ariko, kandi si ukubashyigikira – yavuga y’uko bari ba Kavamahanga, igihugu kikaba kitari icyabo. Kandi hari kera ga! Ariko se twe byakwumvikana gute ko abantu bica bakanakandamiza bene wabo bavindimwe? Muri iki gihe tugezemo. Twarangiza tukaririmba ko twabonye ubwigenge. Murumva bitababaje? Hari ushobora kumbwira ngo ikibitera ni uko abategetsi badukandamiza baba bashyizweho n’abazungu mu nyungu zabo. Nkaho ari bo babategeka gukora ibyo bakora, maze bagahinduka nka za robots zikoreshwa na télécomandes! Kandi atari byo, ahubwo ari abantu batekereza kimwe n’abandi. Ibi nabyo nzabigarukaho.
Na n’ubu hariho abikoma abazungu ngo ni bo bakomeza kuduteza bibazo ngo kuko bakora intwaro bakaziduha tukicana. Ngo: « intwaro z’abazungu ziratumaze. » None se nyine ko bo baticana iwabo kandi bazifite, ari bo bazikora? Ntibagire intambara. Nkaho ibihugu bifite amahoro na demokarasi ari uko byo nta ntwaro bigira. Kandi ndetse bifite iza rutura n’iza kirimbuzi! Baziduha se tutazibasabye? Erega nubwo basanzwe bakize bakeneye amadolari (dollars) n’amayero (euros)! Ngo: « ntawanga ijana mu rindi. » Nyamara nta muzungu ndumva wari bwafatanwe karacinikovu cyangwa umupanga ari kurasa cyangwa gutema abanyarwanda. Si twebwe twaciye umugani uvuga ngo: « usenya urwe umutiza umuhoro? »
Hari n’abavuga ngo izo ntwaro ni zo mbi zitabayeho twagira amahoro. Erega bagatinyuka bakabyigisha no mu mashuri. Abana badasobanukiwe bakagirango zirikora zikanikoresha (zikanirashisha)! Biramutse ari ibyo, kubera ubwinshi n’uburemere bwazo, muri uyu mwanya musoma iyi nyandiko Isi yahita irimbuka, uwo munsi ukaba uw’imperuka. Abazungu bakadutanga mw’ijuru kuko iryo rimbuka ryatangirira iwabo. Ariko abazikora, abazicuruza n’abazikoresha babaye intungane, iyi Si dutuyeho yahita ihinduka Paradizo, kandi tugatanga abazungu kuyigeramo, kuko twabatanga kwicuza ibyaha byo kuzikoresha nabi! Tukagira amahoro iteka ryose kuko intambara zose zahita zirangira. Abantu ntidushobora rero kuba intungane, kandi intwaro si zo mbi, ahubwo ikibi ni ukuzikora no kuzikoresha nabi. Dukwiye kwicisha bugufi, tukemera amakosa yacu aho kuyashakira ku bandi gusa. Kandi nabo bakemera ayo bakoze n’ayo bakora mu bundi buryo. Ibyabo simbitindaho kuko muri iyi nyandiko ndi kubwira abanyarwanda twese.
Ni uko tukanga kwemera uruhare rwacu muri ibyo bibazo no gushaka urwo twagombye kugira mu kubishakira ibisubizo. Tukavuga ko ibibazo byacu ari abandi babitera gusa, kandi ko ari bo bagomba kubikemura. Bikaba ari byo bitworohera. Nkaho turi « irresponsables. » Niba dushaka demokarasi nyayo, dukwiye guhindura imitima n’ibitekerezo byacu (révolution morale des mentalités). Iyo mpinduramatwara dukeneye ubu ntigomba gukorwa n’igice kimwe cy’abaturage nkuko byagenze muli 1959 igihe cya revorisiyo (révolution) y’abahutu, ahubwo ikwiye gukorwa na buri munyarwanda kuko akarengane katugezeho twese mu buryo bunyuranye. Kandi igakorwa mu mahoro, itamennye amaraso, nta mvururu nta ntambara. Bityo buri wese yumve akababaro k’undi, ahagurukire guharanira no kwubaka iyo demokarasi nyarwanda, itari demokarasi irengera ubwoko bumwe gusa. Ntabwo rero ibyo ari inshingano y’abanyepolitiki bonyine.
Biranoroshye gushinja umuntu umwe cyangwa ikipe y’abantu kurusha gushaka igituma bakora ibyo baregwa kugirango hatazagira uwongera kubikora. Kuki tutibaza impamvu umuntu umwe ashobora kwica agakiza, ngo turebe ikibitera kugirango dushake umuti aho kwibanda ku bikorwa by’uwo mutegetsi wenyine? Aho si uko dutinya kwireba mu ndorerwamo, kugirango tutabona amakosa tuba twarakoze tumushyigikira mbere y’uko duhura n’ibibazo? Ese aho iyo système politique ituma ashobora gukora ibyo ntacyo yikanga, kimwe n’abandi baba baramubanjirije, yaba yubatse neza? Tubyibazeho. Kuba hari abanyarwanda bamaze guhunga inshuro nyinshi hakaba n’abandi batigeze bahunguka kuva Urwanda rwatangira kugira ibibazo by’ubuhunzi uko ingoma za Repubulika zagiye zikurikirana, birerekana ko iyo Repubulika itubatse neza kuko abanyarwanda bose batigeze bayibanamo, kugeza ubu. Ubwo amakosa yaba aya wa muntu umwe n’ikipe ye gusa? Umwami Rudahigwa yarabivuze ga, ati: « aho kwica Gitera, mwice ikibimutera ». Uyu mugani Munyabagisha François awusonabura neza mu gitabo yanditse cyitwa: « Rwanda: AMAHINDURA, Umuvuno w’ubwiyunge nyakuri. » Aragira ati: « nkuko muganga atavura indwara ataramenya ikiyitera, ni nako gukosora no kugorora umuntu bibanzirizwa no kumenya ikimutera gukosa no kugorama. » Arabeshya se?
Muri uyu mushinga w’ubwiyunge nyakuri, kimwe n’uko mparanira ubutabera mpuzabantu kubera ko butuma abafitanye ikibazo bashaka uruhare rwabo, buri wese ku giti cye, kugirango bagikemure, nanone nshyigikiye ko muli politiki mpuzabanyarwanda buri munyarwanda wese akwiye kwisuzuma, akabaza umutimanama we (examen de conscience), akamenya uruhare yagize cyangwa afite mu bibazo bya politiki y’igihugu cyacu, maze agatanga umuganda we mu kubishakira umuti niyo yaba nta ruhare abifitemo (la participation active des citoyens non seulement à la justice mais aussi à la politique). Niho ubwo ubwiyunge n’ubwigenge nyakuri butangirira. Nkuko tubyigishwa mw’Iyobokamana no mu bumenyi bw’imibanire myiza y’abantu, buri wese yirebye mu ndorerwamo akabona igitotsi kiri mu jisho rye maze akakivanamo, ni bwo yabona neza ikiri mu jisho ry’abandi bityo akabasaba kwireba kugirango bitokore, byabananira akabatokora.
Munyumve neza, ntabwo mvuze ko abanyarwanda twese dufite ibyaha bigomba kutujyana mu nkiko. Oya rwose. Kugira uruhare mu bibazo bijyanye n’imikorere y’ibyaha ntibivuze buri gihe kuba umunyacyaha (un responsable n’est pas nécessairement un coupable). Bibaye ibyo ntitwanabona n’abaducira imanza kuko abacamanza nabo baba bakeneye abazibacira! Ariko buri muntu agira umujyanama we mu mutima we: UMUTIMANAMA (la conscience). Buri munyarwanda abaze uwe maze yumve inama amugira.
Mu ndirimbo yise « Mutimanama », Masabo Nyangezi Yuvenali aragira ati: « ihanganire abandi cyane abo mudahuje ibitekerezo...» Ni umuhanga nawe mu kwubaka demokarasi. Tumwumve.
Dore ingero kuri ibyo maze kuvuga:
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Imanza za Arusha muri Tanzaniya zigitangira, nibajije ibibazo byinshi kubera ko uko nazikurikiranaga mu binyamakuru, numvaga abashinjwaga batemera ibyaha bya génocide ntibanavuge n’abayiteje. Kutemera ibyaha byo birumvikana mu gihe utabikoze, ariko nkibaza nti niba abo bari abategetsi bakuru batazi abategetse gukora génocide, ni bande babarusha kubamenya? Bavuga se ko ari abaturage bibwirije gutemana? Niyo waba utarakoze ibyaha uregwa ntunamenye ababikoze, waba warabaye umwe mu bategetsi bakuru utarigeze witandukanya n’iyo politiki ngo uyisezerere, ukavuga ko nta ruhare na ruto wagize ku kwubaka iyo système politique? N’ubwo ibyo utabihanirwa kuko uba utarabirezwe, ariko ukagira ubutwari bwo kubivuga ku mugaragaro. Ni byo bita mu gifaransa: assumer ses responsabilités. Ni uko ibyo bibazo bikamena umutwe. Hari umuntu nabibwiye, nawe ambwira ko yabitekereje nkanjye, numva ndaruhutse kuko ntari jyenyine utekereza gutyo.
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Dufate ko wabaye cyangwa uri umurwanashyaka w’ishyaka runaka ryigishije cyangwa ryigisha amacakubiri. Wavuga ko nta ruhare ufite mu bikorwa bibi by’iryo shyaka nubwo waba nta muntu ku giti cyawe wigeze urenganya, kandi uba warashyigikiye politiki mbi y’iryo shyaka? None se iyo habura abayishyigikira yari kubaho? Ibyo ni: « responsabilité morale. »
Ndemeza ko hari akarengane gaterwa na bamwe mu bategetsi bakuru, ariko hari n’akandi gakomoka kuri bamwe mu baturage ubwabo n’abategetsi bo mu nzego zo hasi, abategetsi bo hejuru batabizi cyangwa batabishyigikiye. Hari abaturage bemera gukoreshwa n’abayobozi mu bikorwa bihungabanya umutekano w’abandi. Hakaba n’abandi bibwiriza gutunga agatoki bakabeshyera inzirakarengane. Abo bose bakwiye kwisubiraho, bagahagarika ibyo bikorwa byabo kandi bakirinda kwongera kubikora kuko bibangamira ubutabera, ubwiyunge na demokarasi. Kugirango batazamera nkuko n’abandi byabagendekeye, nka bariya navuze. Maze bibaze bati: « Ejo nzamera nte ninkomeza gutya? » Ngo: nyamwanga kwumva ntiyanze no kubona. Ndi umuhuza, ntabwo ndi umuhanuzi…
Hari n’umugani uvuga ngo: « Umwami ntiyica hica Rubanda. » Bivuze ko kera abitaga Umwami NYAGASANI ari bo bicaga. Birashoboka ko babikoraga ku mabwiriza y’i Bwami, ariko ari bo batunze agatoki kuko Umwami atashoboraga kumenya abaturage b’igihugu cyose. Na nyuma y’ingoma z’Ubwami, uwo mugani wagumyeho. Bivuga ko umutegetsi mukuru adashobora kurenganya abaturage atazi, kuko adashobora kumenya ibibera hose mu gihugu, ntawe ubimubwiye. Agashobora no kuba yakwica umuntu wabeshyewe na Rubanda, ariko atabizi. Ibyo byagiye bibaho kenshi mu nkiko no mu butegetsi. Abantu bakazira amaherere, bakabeshyerwa kubera inzangano n’amashyari; bakarenganywa n’abitwaje ko bafite ibyo bahuriyeho n’abategetsi runaka (amasano, aho bakomoka, ubwoko, ubucuti, n’ibindi). Abadashoboye kwigerera i Bukuru ngo bivuganire bakahagwa, kandi ni bo benshi. Ibyo si ukwubaka demokarasi.
Reka mbahe urugero. Umunsi umwe umuntu yambwiye iyi nkuru yahagazeho. Ngo hari umutegetsi w’umusivili wigeze gukubitwa urushyi n’umusirikare ufite amapeti kubera ko bari mu kiganiro mu biro by’uwo mutegetsi ariko ntibashobore kwumvikana. Uwo musirikare ngo akaba yari yitwaje ko avuka hamwe na Perezida. Uwo mutegetsi akaba yari afite umwanya ukomeye mw’ishyaka ry’umukuru w’igihugu. Ngo yahise ajya kubwira Perezida ngo « fata ibyawe ntabwo mbereye muri uyu mwanya no gukubitwa n’abasirikare bawe. » Umukuru w’igihugu ngo yahise atumiza igitaraganya uwo musirikare maze amukombora amapeti yose ahinduka mayibobo. Ku mugaragaro!
3. Demokarasi nyarwanda
Tumaze imyaka irenga 55 yose turi mw’ishuli rya Demokarasi, twigana abarimu bacu b’abanyamahanga, nyamara nta dipolome turabona kugeza ubu. Ntabwo ari uko turi abaswa kuko mu bundi bumenyi turaminuza ndetse tukanabarusha. Ahubwo, ni uko hari indi impamvu: twiga (na) demokarasi y’abandi aho gushaka iyacu. Uko abarimu bahindutse, tugahindura amasomo, noneho tugahuzagurika. Ni aho bipfira. Dukomeje gushaka demokarasi muri ubwo buryo, Isi yazarinda irangira tutarayigeraho. Nongere mbigarukeho, iyo demokarasi twayubakira hamwe neza muri wa muryango waduhuza twese, waba uyobowe n’intumwa za société civile, amashyirahamwe n’amadini, ukunganira amashyaka ya politiki. Umuryango wa Kanyarwanda wigenga kandi utabogamiye ku mashyaka, ku madini, ku moko n’ibindi, ahubwo urengera amahame ya demokarasi igihe cyose. Umuryango umunyarwanda wese yibonamo. Buri wese akawuyoboka kandi akawushyigikira, agahaguruka maze agatanga umuganda we uko yishoboye. Dipolome ya Demokarasi nyarwanda ni bwo twayibona. Aho kugirango bamwe baharanire gutsinda abandi, tureke guhigana ingufu, ahubwo dushyire izo ngufu hamwe duharanire gutsindira iyo demokarasi kuko ni yo twese dushaka. Kandi uwo muryango si jye jyenyine uwusaba. Mu mwanya twumve impanuro y’umuririmbyikazi Teta Diana nawe aragira icyo abitubwiraho, azi kwubaka demokarasi. Igisigaye ni ugushyira ibyo bitekerezo mu bikorwa. Nitureke urwiganwa twifuza ko Urwanda ruhinduka nka bimwe mu bihugu by’Uburayi, Aziya na Amerika, kandi bidashoboka. Ibyo bihugu nabyo, ntibihuje demokarasi. Ahubwo duharanire ko RWANDA NZIZA igihugu cyacu kirusha ibindi byose demokarasi, maze nabyo bizaturebereho. Ngiyo inzira y’ubwigenge nyakuri.
Demokarasi irahenda ariko ni nziza, ntigira uko isa, kandi koko ngo akeza karigura!
Umuyobozi w’Umushinga w’Ubwiyunge Nyakuri
Umushinga wigenga utabogamiye kuri politiki y’amashyaka